第75节
【】ftheoldstateacy underseveraltonsofdeks. thefrenchrevolution thegreatfrens theprinciplesofliberty, frateityandequalityuntoall thepeopleoftheearth beforealkaboutarevolutionitisjustashat eans.ierofa greatrussianerandrussiansoughttoknothey aretalkingaboutinthisfieldarevolutionis``asoverthrow, iionsakeuries torootinthesoil,andseeofixedandiovablethat eveardentreforrshardlydaretoattackthen theirblingawayinabrief period,ofallthatuptothattihasposedtheessence ofsoiclifeinanation. sucharevolutiontookplafraheeighteenth turyheoldcivilisationoftheuntryhadgrown stale.thekinginthedaysoflouisxivhadbee everythinganderly thecivilservantofthefederalstate,founditselfhoutany dutiesaoftheroyalurt. thisfrenchstateoftheeighteeury,ho ihisneyhadtobeproduced intheforftaxes.unfortuhekingsoffrancehad rongenoughtoforcethenobilityandtheclergy topaytheirshareofthesetaxes.heaxeswerepaid entirelybytheagriculturalpopulation.butthepeasants livingindrearyhovels,nolongeriniacththeir forrlandlords,butviruelandiland agents,badtohey selvesincreasedretusupontheir landrelyaaxesandnothingfortheelves andthereforetheyedtheirfieldsaschastheydared. heysplendour throughthevasthallsofhispalaces,habituallyfollowedby hungryofficeseekers,allofliveuponthereveained froeasahanthebeastsofthe fields.itisnotapleasantpicture,butitisnotexaggerated. therehersidetothesocalled``an regiustkeepinnd. aiddleloselyedhthenobility bytheusualpr thepoorbaronssonandaurtposedofallthest eainingpeopleoffrance,hadbroughtthepoliteartof graent.asthebestbrains oftheuntryselvesh questionsofpolitiocs,theyspenttheiridlehours uponthediscussionofabstractideas. asfashionsihoughtandpersonalbehaviour arequiteaslikelytoruresasfashionindress,it ostartifiietyofthatdayshould takeatrendousiinple life.thekingandthequeen,theabsoluteanduioned proprietorsofthisuntrygalledfraogetherhallits loniesanddependeoliveinfunnylittleuntry housesalldressedupaslkidsandstableboysandplayed atbeingshepherdsinahappyvaleofahellas.around thetheirurtiersdaendaheirurtsis posedlovelyheirurtbarbersdevisedre andreelaborateandstlyheadgear,untilfroheerboredobr> andlackofrealjobs,thisificialworldofversailles thegreatshofar ahisnoisyalesscitytalkedofnothingbut thosesubjetheirown lives,justasanarvingalkofnothingexcept food. aire,theurageousoldphilosopher,play, historianand,andthegreateneofall religiousandpoliticaltyranothrobsof isteverythiedhtheestablishedorder ofthings,theandhis theatrionly.whenjean jaitiven andgavehisnteorariesdelightfuldescriptionsofthe happinessoftheinalinhabitantsofthispla,about hekleashedidaboutthechildren,uponwhose educationhehereghority,allfranceread his``sotradthissocietyinhekingand thestatebittertearsheyheardrousseaus appealforaretutotheblesseddayshereal sntyhadlaininthehandsofthepeopleandhe kinghadbeeheservantofhispeople. ontesquieupublishedhis``persiaersin inguishedpersiantravellerstutheing societyoffraopsyturvyandpokefunateverything frohekingdootheloofhissixhundred pastryoks,thebookiediatelythroughfour editionsandassuredtheerthousandsofreadersforhis fausdiscussionofthe``spiritofthelahe noblebaroheexcellentenglishsystethe backoffrandadvocatedinsteadofanabsolute narchytheestablishntofastateinheexecutive, thelegislativeandthejudicialpowersshouldbein separatehandsandshouldlyofeachother. on,theparisianbookseller,annouhat ssieursdiderot,daleert,turgotandasreofother distinguishedersopublishanenlopaedia ontain``alltheneheneience andthehesideofthe publistsatisfactory,awoyears thelastoftheteshadbeenfihe sobelatedinterferehepoliceuldnotrepress theenthusiasst iortantbutverydangerousntributiontothediscussions oftheday. here,letgiveyoualittlewaing.whenyoureada novelaboutthefrenovie, youpressionthattherevolutionhe theparisslu.ithing ofthekind.thebappearsoftenuponthe``evolutionary stage,butinvariablyattheinstigationanduhe leadershipofthoseddleenhe hungryltitudeasaneffitallyintheiron thekingandhisurt.butthefundantalideash causedtherev ...